Smile Gum disease: gingivitis vs periodontitis explained
Gum disease starts as gingivitis, which causes red, swollen gums that bleed easily and can be reversed. If untreated it can become periodontitis, which damages the bone that holds your teeth.
Gingivitis: the early stage
- Gums that look red or swollen.
- Bleeding when you brush or floss. See bleeding gums: causes and what to do.
- Bad breath.
Good daily cleaning and a professional clean usually reverse gingivitis.
Periodontitis: the advanced stage
- Gums that pull away from the teeth (receding gums).
- Longer-looking teeth, gaps or loose teeth.
- Pus between teeth and gums, a bad taste, or pain when chewing.
Bone loss from periodontitis cannot be fully reversed, but treatment can stop it getting worse.
What raises your risk
- Poor oral hygiene and plaque build-up.
- Smoking and tobacco use.
- Diabetes and some medicines.
- Hormonal changes, for example in pregnancy.
How to protect your gums
- Brush twice a day and clean between your teeth daily.
- Do not smoke.
- See a dentist regularly for check-ups and cleaning.
- See a dentist soon if gums bleed for more than about two weeks.
Quick answers
Can gum disease be reversed?
Gingivitis, the early stage, can be reversed with good cleaning and dental care. Periodontitis can be controlled but bone loss cannot be fully reversed.
Are receding gums a sign of gum disease?
They can be. Receding gums can also come from brushing too hard. A dentist can find the cause.
Check your oral health in about 40 seconds
Take 5 guided photos with Yuktii Smile Scan, ask the AI teeth assistant, and find a dentist near you, worldwide.
Get the appRelated articles
- Bleeding gums: causes and what to do
- Bad breath: causes and how to fix it
- How to brush and floss correctly