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Root canal treatment: what to expect

Published and checked against the sources below: October 2026

Root canal treatment removes infected or damaged tissue from inside a tooth so the tooth can be saved. It is done under local anaesthetic and usually feels similar to having a filling.

Why you might need one

• Deep decay that has reached the nerve of the tooth.
• A crack or injury to the tooth.
• Repeated dental work on the same tooth.
• An abscess or severe, lasting toothache.

Without treatment, the infection can spread and the tooth may need to be taken out.

What happens during treatment

1. The area is numbed with local anaesthetic.
2. The dentist makes an opening and removes the infected tissue.
3. The inside of the tooth is cleaned and shaped.
4. The tooth is filled and sealed, and often needs a crown for protection.

It can take one or more visits.

Aftercare

• Mild soreness for a few days is common and usually eases with standard pain relief.
• Avoid biting hard on the tooth until it is fully restored.
• Keep brushing and cleaning between your teeth.
• Contact your dentist if you have severe pain, swelling or a fever.

Quick answers

Does a root canal hurt?

The tooth is numbed, so the treatment itself should not be painful. Some soreness afterwards is normal.

Is it better to pull the tooth than have a root canal?

Saving your natural tooth is usually preferred when possible. Your dentist will explain the options for your situation.

Related articles

• Dental abscess: warning signs and what to do
• Toothache: causes, home relief and when to see a dentist
• Early signs of cavities and how to prevent them

Sources

• NHS: Root canal treatment
• NHS: Dental abscess